WATER TREATMENT
Water treatment describes those
processes used to make water more acceptable for a desired end-use.
These can include use as drinking water, industrial processes,
medical and many other uses. The goal of all water treatment
process is to remove existing contaminants in the water, or reduce
the concentration of such contaminants so the water becomes fit for
its desired end-use. One such use is returning water that has been
used back into the natural environment without adverse
ecological impact.
Water purification is the removal of contaminants from untreated
water to produce drinking water that is pure enough for the most
critical of its intended uses, usually for human consumption.
Substances that are removed during the process of drinking water
treatment include suspended solids, bacteria, algae, viruses,
fungi, minerals such as iron, manganese and sulphur, and other
chemical pollutants such as fertilisers.
Measures taken to ensure water quality not only relate to the
treatment of the water, but to its conveyance and distribution after
treatment as well. It is therefore common practice to have
residual disinfectants in the treated water in order to kill any
bacteriological contamination during distribution.
The following are the systems to treat water as per use and requirement: